Clean-up Crew. Tank Janitors. Tank Cleaners. Functionally, it means the
same thing to every hobbyist…. inverts added to your tank to keep
it nice and sparkley.
It’s a necessity.
Everyone has one.
But, if you ask those people what critters to include, and how many….
you’ll get many MANY different answers.
So, Great!~ Renee is going to tell you exactly how to stock your tank.
Naw! You knew is wasn’t going to be that easy. I hope to give you
some things to think about and even some new information for some, to assist
you when selecting your animals.
Grab your hip waders and lets get us some inverts!!
What you stock your tank with will depend on the individual needs of your tank.
I know…… sketchy answer. But here’s how I would go
about it…….
If you’ve been looking online for a vendor to buy your clean up
crew from, you’ve undoubtedly run across the complete packages many
have up for sale. For the most part, they provide too many critters for
the listed tank size and some critters are inappropriate to include in
a complete janitorial package. Pass these packages by if they state there
are no substitutions allowed.
Many of these packages include “algae busters” such as the
herbivorous Lawnmower Blenny. No fish should be added for the sole
purpose of being a part of the clean up crew. Any fish should be considered
with your fish stocking scheme rather than the clean up crew stocking list.
Other critters that frequently show up in package deals that should be
considered on an individual basis and not a an incidental inclusion are
animals such as:
- Brittle or Serpant star
- Lettuce nudibranch
- Sea Cucumbers
- Sea Hares
- Crabs, such as the sally lightfoot and the arrow
- Shrimp, such as the Peppermint or Coral Banded.
Your inital clean up crew should not include any of these inverts. They
should be added as needed and researched individually.
So what should you stock your tank with for a basic Clean up Crew? Snails.....
and a nice variety of them.
A very loose stocking ratio for snails is one per gallon (not including
the turbos, large trochus or conchs). This is the optimum stocking…..
no room for adding in the future. Usually people add their crew first thing
after the cycle and before the fish. How can you even begin to know what
your tank will need at this early stage? So, instead of fully stocking
your crew, half stock. If you have a 100 gallon tank you would start off
with 50 snails and a mixture of them. You want the crew to cover all the
different nuisance “algaes” and you also don’t want all
snails competing for the same food while they starve and another algae
grows unchecked. So mix it up! I italized “algaes” because
I am going to throw cyanobacteria into this loosely labelled group.
UP CLOSE AND PERSONAL
So, I know I need 50 snails, but which do I choose? Get a nice variety
because snails also live by the saying “different strokes for different
folks”. You want to make sure you have all your areas covered.
Nassarius
I love Nassarius. They are obligate scavengers on meaty foods…..
dropped foods…… dead/dying….. they are with the program.
But a barebottom tank won’t cut it with these guys…… they
like a nice sandbed. You generally won’t see them until you feed
the tank. Then they’ll be popping up from the substrate like a jack
in the box. But they won’t do anything for your algae besides reducing
the fuel to grow them. Besides cleaning up the leftovers they will have
the added benefit of agitating the live sand. Keep these guys stocked a little lighter, at about 1 per 5 gallons, or you will be smothered by a swarm of snails come feeding time.
So, lets add more……
Nerite
Nerites are wonderful little snails and love film algae. They do a great
job on those glass/acrylic panels and some varieties will be seen cleaning
the rocks as well.
Astraea
Astraea are very common and effective. Will eat green and brown film algae
and may even pick at hair algae. BUT, they require a little maintenance.
You have to be willing to go through the daily (and often nightly) “righting” of
these snails. They come from an environment where there is little risk
of them being flipped over on their back, so they have not developed the
ability to right themselves. Also I do NOT recommend them WITH hermits
(who I’ll discuss in more depth later). Hermits are meat eaters….
It’s who they are. None are obligate algae eaters. Add a snail that
can’t right themselves….. lunch couldn’t be easier.
Trochus
Trochus eat a variety of algae from filamentous to film, and has been reported to have a special adoration for diatoms. They can be found cleaning any surface of your tank, but will be frequently seen on the glass. They provide a similar function as the large turbo snail without the size, and therefore, are an excellent addition to your basic cleanup crew. These snails, because of their larger size and appetites, should be stocked at about a ratio of 1 per 2-3 gallons.
Ceriths
Ceriths will eat film algae and diatoms and it has been said that they
will eat cyano. They will graze on detritus but cannot consume filamentous
varieties of algae. They can be seen both cleaning panels and cruising
over any structure in your tank. They tend to be more active at night and
help aerate the substrate when they burrow into the sand. You have to be
careful when adding these into an environment with hermits because the
shape of their shell is highly valued by the crabs. These snails can also
be difficult to find at the LFS and tend to be present, not for sale, but
as hitch hikers on the LR.
Stomatellas
Stomatellas are great but are traditionally found as hitch hikers and
not for sale. Ask a friend to share and keep an eyeball out at the LFS.
You will see them cruising around their tanks. Ask if you can have some.
Collonista
Collonista snails… again, another hitch hiker. These guys are noctural.
You’ll see them in the day but check out your tank in the wee hours
of the morning. They are everywhere and reproduce well and stay small.
Again, ask a friend to give you a starter culture of about 5 to get your
population going. And always remember to share with someone else who may
be needing a starter culture.
Snails to avoid
Avoid bumblebee snails. They are whelks and are predatory on other snails
and worms. They will clean your sand of beneficial critters. It’s
their meat and potatoes. If you see them moving up the glass they are not
grazing on the nasty algae…. they are looking for snails and worms.
Another snail to avoid is one commonly present in online cleaner packages
and also sold individually at the LFS. These snails are called margarita
snails and are sometimes mislabelled online and at the LFS as turbos*.
These critters are from cold water areas and will slowly die in your tank
over weeks to months.
*I should mention here why I have not addressed the common turbo in this
article. I do not consider them a a part of your initial clean up crew,
which are to be added to your brand new tank shortly after it is cycled.
Turbos should be bought on an individual basis when your tank is established
and there is a consistent food for them to eat. The nuisance algae that
occurs with the cycle will generally subside as the tank matures and a
turbo may starve as a result. Look for more on turbos in PART II of article....
coming soon :-)
Hermit Crabs
I said I would address them earlier in the article..... but not that I
really want to. In my opinion, there is no such thing as a reef safe hermit.
There are safer choices, but none are to be trusted. And with the right
variety of snails, you will never need a hermit. How can you trust anything
that lives in a cerith, astraea or trochus shell? They are omnivores. That
not just potatoes folks, that's meat and potatoes. I know
they are listed as herbivores on many sites... I don't know what to say
besides these sites are mistaken.
So, let's talk about reef-safer hermits.
Scarlet Hermit (Paguristes cadenanti)
This hermit is frequently seen for sale and tends to be a little more
expensive. Eats all kinds of algaes, but remember he is an omnivore.
Left-handed Hermit (Calcinus laerimanus)
Often referred to as micro hermits, Hawaiian reef crab and Dwarf zebra
hermit. They don't grow as large as the others, although it has been reported
by some, that they can indeed get quite large and they do have a taste
for veggies, but *whispers* "omnivore."
Blue-legged Hermit (Clibanarius tricolor)
They really like the greens but have been known to steal an astraea shell
or two.
That's it... that's all I recommend, at a ratio of no more than 1 per
10 gallons. Just remember to leave empty shells around on the sandbed for
them when they get in the mood for a change; it reduces the chances of
the hermit eating a snail to get to their shell.
Buy only what you need and what is approproate for your tank. They are
only one part of solving an algae problem and are more for maintenance
than a band-aid to a problem.
